Master the art of growing gorgeous African Violets

African Violet
African Violet by Andrew Gustar is licensed under CC BY-ND 2.0

Introduction

African Violets are known for their compact size, velvety foliage, and clusters of delicate, colourful flowers. Though traditionally grown indoors, it can also thrive outdoors in sheltered garden spots or greenhouses in warm climates. Its blooms come in a wide range of hues, including purple, pink, white, and blue, often with ruffled or variegated edges.

These charming plants are excellent for adding colour to small spaces and pair beautifully with other shade-loving plants such as ferns, begonias, or ivy. They are particularly well-suited for container gardening, where their beauty can be appreciated up close.

African violets
African violet by Apes of Wrath is licensed under CC BY 2.0

All about the plant

African Violets are cherished for their ability to flower almost year-round with proper care. Their compact growth habit makes them ideal for decorating windowsills, tabletops, and other small spaces. They are also relatively easy to propagate, making them a popular choice for gardeners looking to expand their collection.

Key facts

  • Scientific name and any synonyms: Saintpaulia spp.
  • Meaning of scientific plant name: Named after Baron Walter von Saint Paul-Illaire, who discovered the plant in Tanzania in the late 19th century.
  • Common names: African Violet
  • Plant family: Gesneriaceae
  • Place of origin of the plant: Eastern tropical Africa, particularly Tanzania and Kenya
  • Type of plant: Perennial, grown as a houseplant or tender garden perennial
  • Size: Typically 6–12 inches (15–30 cm) in height and width
  • Foliage – Description of foliage: Rosette-shaped, velvety, dark green leaves, often with a slightly serrated edge
  • Flower – Description of flower and flowering time: Small, five-petaled flowers in clusters; blooms year-round under ideal conditions
  • Fruit – Description of fruit (if any) and fruiting time: Produces small, inconspicuous seed pods if flowers are pollinated
  • Toxicity: Non-toxic to pets and humans (source: ASPCA).
African violet
African violets by Pussreboots is licensed under CC BY 2.0

Care requirements

Care AspectDetails
Light requirements:Bright, indirect light; avoid direct sunlight to prevent leaf scorch
Water and humidity requirements:Water with room-temperature water when the soil surface feels dry; prefers moderate humidity
Temperature requirements:Thrives in 65–75°F (18–24°C); sensitive to temperatures below 60°F (15°C); hardy in USDA zones 11–12 and UK zones H1
Soil requirements:Well-draining, peat-based soil; prefers a slightly acidic pH (5.8–6.2)
Feeding requirements:Feed with a balanced liquid fertiliser every 2–4 weeks during active growth
Propagation:Propagate through leaf cuttings or division of offsets
Pruning:Remove spent flowers and yellowing leaves to maintain a tidy appearance
Pests and diseases:Common pests include mealybugs, thrips, and spider mites; susceptible to root rot if overwatered

Best cultivars

These are some of the best varieties of African Violets you can grow:

  1. ‘Optimara EverFloris’: Known for its ability to bloom continuously throughout the year; available in a variety of colours.
  2. ‘Frosty Frolic’: White flowers with a delicate pink edge; compact growth, ideal for small containers.
  3. ‘Rob’s Antique Rose’: Features semi-double, rose-like pink blooms; grows to about 6 inches (15 cm).
  4. ‘Ma’s Corsage’: Ruffled purple flowers with a white edge; striking and elegant.
  5. ‘Little Maya’: A dwarf variety with deep red flowers; perfect for tight spaces or small displays.
  6. ‘Amethyst Star’: Star-shaped violet-blue flowers with a yellow centre; a classic choice for collectors.
  7. ‘Trailer’s Beauty’: A trailing variety with light lavender blooms; excellent for hanging baskets.
  8. ‘Jolly Orchid’: Light pink flowers with orchid-like shape; grows well under artificial light.
Rob’s Antique Rose
“African Violets” by Gene Bowker is licensed under CC BY-ND 2.0

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